ABSTRACT
Objective. Determination of the correlations between the search for key terms related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the course of the epidemic in Serbia. Methods. A survey was conducted as a cross-sectional study, in November 2020. The research was conducted through the Google Trends website. This open-access platform is based on automatic data collection to estimate the percentage of searches for relevant keywords of interest. The data collected were anonymous and were divided by days, months, years, and geographical regions. Results. The study included 32 key terms related to the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a statistically significant positive correlation with the number of registered cases per day for the terms: "coronavirus", "corona", "covid-19", "covid", " COVID", "virus", "corona symptoms", "loss of smell", "loss of taste", "loss of smell and taste", "loss of sense of smell", "loss of sense of taste", "pneumonia", " COVID infirmary", "infirmary", " COVID test", "corona test", "PCR", "serology ", "antibodies ", "corona antibodies", "vaccine ", "corona vaccine". Conclusion. The shown correlation between the search for appropriate terms related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the course of the epidemic in Serbia can significantly help in predicting the course of the COVID-19 epidemic. In the future, we should work on developing predictive models and software tools based on these resources, not only for COVID-19, but also for other diseases, which would monitor Internet searches in real-time, all with the aim of adequate and timely organization of public health activities.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: In setting of global pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), cases resembling Kawasaki disease (KD) were repeatedly reported. Soon afterwards it began to be considered as separate entity named multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). In addition to this newly recognized syndrome which has overlapping features with KD and is still occasionally described as its from, during COVID-19, a high incidence of Kawasaki-like syndrome (KLS) with mild to moderate symptoms was also noted. Recently, it was proposed that even such cases should, in clinical context, be treated as MIS-C if appropriate criteria are met. On the other hand, clear distinction of the two entities can help researchers to answer the question of its etiology and pathogenesis and could direct the clinicians what to expect during the course of the disease. Objectives: The aim was to describe main epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of KLS during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This retrospective study included analysis of medical documentation of patients treated for KLS at Clinic of Pediatrics, University Clinical Center Niš, between March 2020 and 2021. Inclusion criteria was fulfillment of KD or KLS criteria, based on CDC1 or WHO2 recommendation. Severe form of the disease with signs of a shock was exclusion criteria. The results were elaborated with the statistical method of descriptive and quantitative analysis. Results: A total of 21 subjects fulfilled the criteria for KLS during the study period. The cumulative incidence was 8.48 per 105 minors. Male to female ratio was 2:1 and mean age at diagnosis was 6.5 years (min. 8 months;max. 17 years). In fourteen cases current or recent COVID-19 infection or confirmed COVID-19 exposure was observed. When only these patients are analyzed average age was 8.2 years. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were confirmed in seven patients, three had positive PCR test for COVID-19 and one had close contact with someone who has COVID-19 but COVID-19 was not proved. Interestingly, three patients that were antigen positive had respiratory organ involvement. In the reaming seven cases all the other possible causes of symptoms were ruled out and possible contact with SARS-CoV-2 was assumed. In addition to prolonged fever, that was present in all patients, polymorphous rash (95%) was the most common clinical feature flowed by bilateral nonpurulent conjunctivitis (47%). Gastrointestinal tract involvement was the most common internal organ manifestation. Treatment included corticosteroids (15 patients), intravenous immunoglobulin (1 patient) and two patients received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in anti-inflammatory dose, while the rest were only treated symptomatically. Favorable outcome was achieved in all patients with no morphological changes observed on echocardiography during the hospitalization and 2 weeks after discharge. Conclusion: Our findings suggest connection between infection and occurrence of the disease in susceptible children. Yet, a large portion of the population had contact with SARS-CoV-2, thus the exact role of infectious agent and pathophysiological mechanisms have to be determined. Gender distribution with male dominance among our patients is expected. Still, average age at diagnosis was bit higher than what is usually observed in classic KD and is more in line with characteristics of MIS-C. Further research are to be done in order to define what determine progression of the disease and are there any signs that may point in which way it will develop. Only in that way the clinicians would made right choices regarding the patients treatment.
ABSTRACT
Introduction Initiated by disagreement in attitudes, even of the most influential professors from different faculties, reading of immunology interpretation, disagreement in professional public, provoked avoiding getting vaccines;in spite of the fact that the highest level of science and civilization have been conditioned by vaccines. The Aim of Paper Comparison with unknown reasons for avoiding MMR vaccine, (2003-2017) and parents' behavior during Covid infection. Recognition the real families fear through prism of accepting, refusing 'non Covid' vaccine defined by the law inclusion of vaccine. Materials and Methods Insight into documentation, cumulative indexes of vaccine avoiding;emphasis on, above all, avoiding MMR vaccine between first and second year of age. Analyses of dynamism and social card of Morbillae epidemic in 2017, comparison of appearance in Romania and Kosovo. Facts about complications. Insight into percentage scope of vaccination during Covid pandemic by law defined vaccines. Comparison of VI and XII months of 2020 for the region Kraljevo, Vrnjacka Banja and Raska. Results of the Research Avoiding vaccination by MMR in the period 2003-2016 resulted in 1008 cases, especially in 2015 and 2016-137,396. Appearance of Morbillae catches population of Gypsies and it spreads to domiciles. Clinical conditions without fatal results. Facts in VI and XII months deny fear from avoiding legally obliged vaccines. MMR vaccine in VI month (52,29 and 85,93% for II and VII year) in XII month 90,75% cumulative, which is still insufficient. For other diseases the level is higher: in XII month of 2020 (OPV 99,06%, DiTe per 98,98%, Haep B 100%, Hib 94, 69%, TBC 94, 69%). In 2017/2018 Morbillae epidemic-2165 infected, 13 egsitus, 76% clinical condition without complications. In Romania there was a dramatic decrease of vaccinated from 2013-2015-83%, fatal outcome in most cases-children 1 year of age. Conclusion families fear caused by Covid did not result in avoiding common vaccine. The level of getting vaccine MMR does not guarantee eradication of Morbillae. Agreement with calendar of EU is necessary. Vaccination against HPV virus, Rota virus or Varicellae within EU is not uniformed. Prejudices present in public are still here, avoiding vaccination, mostly by MMR exists. Vaccination against Covid SARS virus is aggravated;resistance and anti vaccination campaigns are present. Fear is slowly getting away;arguments about advantages of vaccination can hardly be ignored.